SHATHKARMA – 6 BƯỚC THANH LỌC CƠ THỂ VÀ TÂM TRÍ, GIÚP ĐẠT TRẠNG THÁI “SỨC KHỎE TOÀN DIỆN” TRONG YOGA

Bạn biết không, thực ra các tư thế Asana mà chúng ta đến lớp tập hàng ngày chỉ là một phần ở bộ môn yoga thôi đấy. Ở chuyên mục này chúng ta hãy cùng nhau tìm hiểu thêm về những nhánh khác của yoga và những lợi ích tuyệt vời mà các phương pháp này mang lại nhé.

Một trong những lý thuyết cơ bản trong nền y học Ấn Độ cổ xưa cho rằng cơ thể con người được hình thành từ ba thành phần chính gọi là Tridoshas. Bao gồm: Vata, Pita và Kapha lần lượt có nghĩa là điều chỉnh ba khía cạnh: sinh lý, tâm sinh lý và tinh thần trong mỗi người. Chỉ cần một trong ba yếu tố này bị mất cân bằng thì sẽ dẫn đến nguyên nhân gây ra bệnh tật ở cơ thể.

Có 6 kỹ thuật quan trọng trong quá trình thanh lọc cơ thể được gọi là Shathkarma, bao gồm:

🍃 Dhauti – Làm sạch đường tiêu hóa

Dhauti được thực hiện bằng cách dùng một miếng vải chuyên dụng dài 2m đã được khử trùng, ngâm trong nước ấm và cho miếng vải từ từ vào trong. Giữ miếng vải trong dạ dày khoảng 3 phút sau đó kéo miếng vải ra.

Phương pháp này giúp loại bỏ các chất nhờn và chất dơ đọng lại trong dạ dày.

🍃 Vasti – Làm sạch đại tràng

Đại tràng (ruột già) là phần cuối của hệ tiêu hóa, là nơi chứa rất nhiều vi khuẩn cũng như nhiều loại vitamin khác nhau. Vasti là một phương pháp làm sạch toàn bộ hệ thống kéo dài từ ruột già đến trực tràng.

🍃 Neti – Làm sạch hệ thống mũiPhương pháp này giúp loại bỏ các bụi bẩn và tạp chất tích tụ ở phần khoang mũi. Việc tích tụ các bụi bẩn sẽ khiến gây ra các bệnh như viêm xoang, đau nửa đầu, dị ứng và hen. Neti được thực hiện bằng cách dùng bình y tế chứa ít muối pha với nước ấm, sau đó nghiêng đầu và cho phần nước chảy chầm chậm từ mũi này sang mũi bên kia.

🍃 Tratak – Làm sạch mắt

♨️ Tratak là một trong những môn thiền được sử dụng lâu đời nhất, người tập sẽ nhìn chằm chằm vào nến trong một khoảng thời gian. Trong suốt quá trình tập luyện, người tập sẽ không nháy mắt hoặc di chuyển đồng tử, thay vào đó là thả lỏng cơ thể và đưa tâm trí vào ánh sáng từ ngọn nến.

✨ Ở phương pháp này, học viên sẽ nhìn thẳng không chớp mắt vào điểm sáng cho đến khi nước mắt rơi xuống. Tratak giúp tăng cường sức khỏe cho đôi mắt, cải thiện những vấn đề về mắt cũng như tăng sự tập trung và thư giãn.

🍃 Nauli – kỹ thuật massage giúp kích thích các cơ quan trong bụng Có thể nói đây là phần được khá nhiều các tín đồ yogi yêu thích và tập luyện. Phương pháp này dưới sự chuyển động của cơ bụng sẽ giúp kích thích quá trình tiêu hóa, thanh lọc và massage các cơ quan nội tạng như: gan, tuyến tụy, lá lách…

🍃 Kaphalabhati – kỹ thuật thở

♨️ Trong thuật ngữ tiếng Phạn, kapala nghĩa là hộp sọ và bhati chỉ sự khai sáng, đây là một phương pháp thở giúp khai sáng vùng não và làm sạch vùng phổi. Kaphalabhati còn được gọi là hơi thở lửa, một cách hít thở kết hợp giữa bụng và cơ hoành.

♨️ Kaphalabhati được thực hiện bằng cách người tập co cơ bụng thật nhanh, làm cho cơ hoành nâng lên đến khoang ngực và đẩy mạnh khí ra phổi, sau đó thả lỏng cơ bụng. Khi hít vào phổi được căng ra và bơm đầy khí.

Lợi ích:

🔅 Kaphalabhati giúp thư giãn cơ mặt và các dây thần kinh

🔅 Làm tăng khả năng hoạt động của phổi và các cơ liên sườn

🔅 Giúp suy giảm bệnh về hen suyễnLưu ý: những học viên đang có vấn đề về sức khỏe như: tăng huyết áp và bị bệnh liên quan đến tim nên cân nhắc kỹ lưỡng trước khi tập bài tập này hoặc cần tập dưới dẫn của huấn luyện viên chuyên nghiệp.

✨ Cùng đón đọc bài viết tiếp theo tại mục Shala Share để tìm hiểu về những kiến thức hay ho ở bộ môn yoga nhé.

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